Systematic Mapping Studies on Argumentative Knowledge Construction Process in Social Collaborative Learning Environment towards Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills

Abstract

To face the challenges of 21st century education system, preparing learners towards higher order thinking skills absolutely crucial. To date, most of researchers found that learners still dearth of this thinking skills and demanding for more than examination-based rank and rote memorization solely to achieve this mission. With the rapid expansion of computer technology usage, computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) apparently can be a promising platform to bring learners towards more flexible learning environment. Communication between learners in CSCL normally will involve a deep discussion and leads them towards processes of evidence and argumentation. This process is known as argumentative knowledge construction (AKC). When dealing with the argumentation, knowledge is shared or spreaded among the students as they work towards the same learning goals, for example, a common understanding of the subject at hand or solutions to problems. In particular, students are not passive recipients but is an active receiver in the process of their attainment of knowledge when they participate in the discussion, retrieve information and exchange ideas with their peers. In the social collaborative argumentation, knowledge is constructed and shared with friends, not owned by a particular student after earning it from learning activities, course materials, and instructors. However, how to analyze AKC process in social collaborative learning to confirm that it really reflects students’ higher order thinking skills is still not clear. Thus, this paper try to answer six (6) objectives which are (1) What types of thinking skills involved along the AKC processes in CSSLE? (2) What is the potential of AKC in CSSCLE? (3) What are the types of process involved in AKC through CSSCLE? (4) How CSSCLE can be so important for AKC process? (5) In what educational contexts and levels have AKC been most investigated and (6) What types of frameworks frequently used in analyzing AKC studies? For this purpose, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic mapping study on the AKC analytical frameworks to answer all research objectives. Overall results for each research objectives then summarized in this paper.